Content

• Steps
• Tips
• Warnings

If you think you have diabetes, seek medical advice urgently.
There are two main types of diabetes. Type 1 (the body does not produce insulin) is sometimes called juvenile diabetes and is most commonly diagnosed in children but can occur at any age; Type 2 (the body does not absorb insulin), sometimes called adulthood diabetes, is often subtle and can be caused by aging or being overweight. Type 2 diabetes also develops in children and adolescents. Common signs of diabetes that require further diagnosis are listed below.

- * CAUTION * - If you have observed (or are being observed): unexplained shaking hands, sweating, weakness, or rapid weight loss, see your doctor or call an ambulance.

Steps

1. 1 Check for one or more of the following symptoms:
   • Get immediate medical attention if you get a fruity odor from your mouth. This is a symptom of ketoacidosis (ketones are a byproduct if the body burns fat for energy) caused by severe hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) that requires immediate medical attention. Diabetics who miss their insulin intake can have fruity breath even if they don't have ketoacidosis. This is a warning sign that cannot be ignored.
   • Excessive thirst
   • Excessive hunger
   • Frequent urination (you get up three times or more at night)
   • Unexplained significant weight loss
   • Fatigue (especially after eating)
   • Irritability
   • Wounds heal slowly or do not heal at all
   • Frequent or lingering infectious diseases
   • Leg cramps (usually occur when an undiagnosed condition worsens; usually occurs at night)
   • Blurry or other changes in vision
2. 2 If you have any of the above symptoms, get tested at the clinic. To check your blood glucose, your doctor may perform two different tests. Blood tests are usually done to detect diabetes, but urinalysis can also be done.
   • Normal blood glucose levels are 90-120 units.
   • If your condition borders on diabetes, your glucose level will be between 121 and 130 units.
   • If the level is over 130, you are considered a diabetic.
3. 3 Treat diabetes. To treat diabetes, you may need to take insulin injections every day, follow your diet, and exercise.
   • Sometimes all you have to do is diet and exercise.
   • You will be told to cut back on sugar and carbohydrates and exercise for 30 minutes a day.

Tips

• The indicators used to determine the blood glucose concentration are blood glucose and A1c. A blood glucose level of about 70-120 mg / dl before meals and up to 140 mg / dl afterwards is considered normal.
• Type 1 diabetes: This is the result of the body's inability to produce insulin and is currently required to inject it.
• Type 2 diabetes: It is the result of insulin resistance, a condition in which cells cannot use insulin properly.
• To explain what A1c is, let's simplify things.Sugar is sticky, and when it's on something for a long time, it's harder to get rid of. In the body, sugar is also sticky, in particular - it sticks to proteins. The red blood cells (erythrocytes) that circulate in the body live for about three months. When sugar sticks to these cells, it gives us information about how much sugar was in the body in the previous three months. In most laboratories, a range of 4-5.9% is considered normal. In the case of poorly controlled diabetes, the rate is 8.0% or higher, and in patients who are well-controlled, it is less than 7.0%. The advantages of measuring A1c are that it gives a more logical picture of what is happening over time (3 months), and its values ​​do not jump as in the case of a fingerprint test.
• It is known that when a person's glucose level exceeds the ideal level, an attack of hyperglycemia begins, and although it can occur on its own, hyperglycemia is considered the main symptom of diabetes. It is known to be the leading cause of complications associated with diabetes. If left untreated, hyperglycemia can lead to more serious conditions, such as nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney damage or kidney failure, blindness, and serious circulatory problems that lead to difficult-to-treat infections that develop into gangrene. subsequent amputation (mainly of the lower extremities).
• The normal correlation between A1c and mean blood glucose can be explained as follows. A1c = 6 corresponds to three months of an average blood glucose of 135 units. A1c 7 = 170, A1c8 = 205, A1c 9 = 240, A1c 10 = 275, A1c 11 = 301, A1c 12 = 345.
• Risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes include being overweight or obese, having diabetes in a family member, and having gestational diabetes. If one or more of the above risk factors apply to you, talk to your doctor about doing a plasma glucose test (done on an empty stomach).
• Gestational diabetes: occurs when a pregnant woman who has never had diabetes has high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. This may precede the development of type 2 diabetes.

Warnings

• If you experience fruity odor from your mouth, see your doctor immediately. This is a symptom of diabetic ketoacidosis and can be fatal if left untreated.
• If you develop any of these symptoms, it is very important that you see your doctor immediately; Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2) can develop into diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which progresses rapidly and causes organ failure or even death.