Content

• To step
• Method 1 of 3: Using In-Text Citations
• Method 2 of 3: Create a reference list
• Method 3 of 3: Know when to use page numbers

Page numbers are a small but important part of many APA citations. Fortunately, page numbers are usually only needed at the end of a sentence when referencing a specific source. When writing a reference list, you only need page numbers for book chapters and articles. If you're not sure whether you need page numbers, you can follow some basic guidelines. However, when in doubt, always include a page number if you have one.

To step

Method 1 of 3: Using In-Text Citations

1. Find the page number of your source. Use the exact page on which the fact or quote appeared. If it appears on more than one page, write down the full page range. You can usually find page numbers at the top or bottom of a page.
   • For example, if you found a quote on page 10 of a book, quote page 10.
   • If the information is spread across multiple pages, include them all. So you can quote pages 10-16.
   • Sometimes page numbers can contain letters such as "B1" or use Roman numerals such as "iv" or "xi." In these cases, always use the type of numbering used by the source.
2. Write your sentence. You don't have to include the page numbers in the text of the sentence itself. This sentence should contain the information about the pages you have found.
   • If you name the author, write the year in which the resource was published in parentheses next to the author's name. For example, you can write, "Smith (2010) showed that poor hygiene was linked to low self-esteem."
3. Write the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. Put the brackets in front of the period. How you format the citation depends on whether you named the author in the sentence.
   • If you named the author in the sentence, put the page number at the end of the sentence. "Smith (2010), for example, showed that poor hygiene was associated with low self-esteem (p. 40)."
   • If you have not mentioned the author in the text of the sentence, include the author's last name and year of publication before the page number in parentheses. For example, "One study found that poor hygiene was associated with low self-esteem (Smith, 2010, p. 40)."
4. Write p or pp for the page number. If you are only citing information from a single page, you only need to enter the "p" before the page number. If there are multiple consecutive pages, write "pp." before the number instead of "p". Separate the page numbers with a hyphen.
   • A single page number quote may look like (Smith, 2010, p. 40) or (p. 40).
   • A quote for several consecutive pages may look like (Smith, 2010, pp. 40-45) or (pp. 40-45).
5. Place commas between non-consecutive page numbers. If the information you need is on 2 or more non-consecutive pages, you should still include all relevant pages. Use "pp." before the page numbers. For example, if the information started on page 40 but then continued on page 45, you would write (Smith, 2010, pp. 40, 45).

Method 2 of 3: Create a reference list

1. Find the full page range of the book chapter or article. Don't just quote the few pages you used. Search for the first and last page number of the article. This is the page range. So if a chapter starts on page 27 and ends on page 45, your page range is 27- 45.
   • Newspaper articles may have page numbers containing letters (such as 1A or B3), while prefaces may use Roman numerals (such as i, ii, iii, etc.). Always use the numbering system used by the source.
   • If the article skips pages, make a note of where the pages begin and end in both sections. Put a comma between these page numbers. For example 15-20, 25-30.
   • Make sure to include reference lists, appendices, and other additional material in your page range. So if the article's text ends on page 173 but the attachment ends on page 180, the page range ends on page 180.
2. Write down the full reference of the text. The format of the citation depends on the type of source you are using. Since page numbers are generally only used for book chapters and articles, use the following guidelines to help you cite.
   • Book Chapter: Last Name, First Initial. Second initial (if applicable). (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In A. Editor & B. Editor (eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: publisher.
   • Article: Author, A. & Author, B. (Year). Title of the article. Title of the periodical, volume number (issue number), pages of article.
3. Insert the page range between the title and the location for a book chapter. Place the page numbers in parentheses and separate them with a hyphen. Write "pp." Before the song. For example, if you quote a chapter between pages 41 and 63, your quote might look like this:
   • Williams, B. and Johnson, A. (1990). Traffic patterns and urban distribution. in C. Carr (Ed.), Traffic Engineering Trends (pp. 41-63). New York: ZMN Publishing.
4. Add the page range for a journal article at the end. Use "p." Or "pp." Not for the page number. Separate the first and last page with a hyphen. So if you quoted a magazine article that appeared on pages 5-23, it looks like this:
   • Roberts, R. (2013). Southwest traffic management. "Traffic Engineering", 23 (2), 5-23.
5. Write down all pages for a newspaper article. Page numbers from a newspaper are quoted slightly differently than other types of articles, such as articles in magazines or magazines. Before the page numbers, write "p." for a single page and "pp." for multiple pages. Name the pages individually if they are not consecutive. For example, you can quote an article that starts on page B1 and continues to pages B3 and B4 as:
   • Diaz, C. (2016, June 26). "Traffic in the city," The Times Morning Gazette, pp. B1, B3-B4.

Method 3 of 3: Know when to use page numbers

1. Please quote the page number when using statistics or data from a source. If you have included data, statistics or other figures from a scientific study, you must indicate on which page of the study this information appeared.
   • For example, you might write, "According to Jones (2006), 5% of people spent 5 hours or more on social media a day (p. 207)."
2. Include page numbers after each quote. Write the page numbers after the quotation marks but before the period. You should do this with quotes from all books, articles and chapters. For example, you can write:
   • Jones (2006) stated that "the top 5% of users spent 5 or more hours on social media every day" (p. 207).
3. Consider including a page number for paraphrasing. Paraphrasing means repeating the author's general ideas, arguments, or results in your own words. In this case, you don't need page numbers, but these can be useful if you're paraphrasing a specific portion of a very long or complicated work. For example, you could say:
   • "Jones (2006) indicated that addictive behaviors can be seen in a small population of overuse users (p. 207)."
4. If there are no page numbers, write the paragraph number. If you're repeating a quote or citing a website or a resource without page numbers, use paragraph numbers instead. In general, you only need to do this when quoting specific data and quotes. You don't have to put the paragraph number in the reference list.
   • You can quote a paragraph in the same way as a page number, except that you write "par" instead of "p." Par. 3).
   • To find the paragraph number, count from the top paragraph to the paragraph you are citing. Thus, a quote from the third paragraph would be quoted as paragraph 3.