Content

• Expert advice
• Advice

• Use an ax or knife to chop large chunks of firewood into firewood.

Clean up a dry and clear surface. Choose a location that is at least 2 meters away from trees, bushes, and low canopy trees. Clean away dry leaves, branches and other objects that could catch fire and spread. Make sure the site is on dry ground, or use rocks to build the foundation for the fire.

• Arrange rocks in a wide circle about 1m - 1.2 m in diameter to mark the fire location.
• Remember never to make a fire within 2 meters of a tent or hut if you plan to sleep outside.

Build a simple criss-cross fire structure. Spread cotton wool in the center of the ground, then place firewood on top in a criss-cross pattern. Continue to burn firewood on the bars in the same way.

Tips: When you load flammable materials, make sure to leave some space in the middle for air to circulate to provide oxygen to sustain the fire.

Create a tent-like structure for easy fire. Wash the pulp into a round ball about 10 cm in diameter. Pile the bars in a cone around the mess, leaving one side open. Construct the clustered logs into a frame around them and mulch, remember to leave a gap that coincides with the gap when erecting the bars.

Note: This structure replaces the type of criss-cross structure. Don't make both!

Create a fire structure like a "wooden house" for ease. Spread the mulch in the middle of the fire, then put the firewood in a tent shape around the pile. Place 2 pieces of firewood on either side of the "tent", then add 2 more logs perpendicular to them.

• Add 2-3 more layers in the same fashion to build a "wooden house."
• It is also an alternative type of structure for a criss-cross or tent-shaped structure.

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Part 3 of 4: Fire

1. 

   Use a match or lighter if you have one. The easiest way to start a fire is to use ignition objects like matches or lighters. Carefully light a match or lighter and light the foil until it catches fire.
   • Blow gently on the burning mess to make the fire burst.
   • For best results, use mulch from multiple sides for a good flame.

2. 

   
   
   Create a "plow fire" to ignite the battlefield. Use a tweezers or a sharp tool to cut a groove on a soft log. Use a stick or small tree branch to rub vigorously back and forth along the groove to create friction and heat. After a few minutes, the heat will rise and burn the wooden materials.
   • If you don't have a tweezers, you can use sharp objects, such as pens, nails, or metal skewers, to cut wood.
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Part 4 of 4: Fire safety

1. 

   Start putting out the fire 20 minutes before. It will take a while for the fire to completely go out, and if you leave it before the fire completely goes out, it's dangerous. You should plan before you need to put out the fire to allow enough time for this.

   Tips: If you have to leave the fire at some point, set an alarm clock on your phone 20 minutes before leaving.

2. 

   Water the fire. Use a ladle to water the fire and sprinkle water on the embers. Be gentle and slow. You can use a watering can, large water bottle or other water container to slowly water the fire over the fire.

   Avoid flushing too much to put out the fire, for this will damage the burning background and you will have trouble if you want to continue using it not long after.

3. 

   Use a twig or shovel to turn the pile of embers when watering. Water the pile while turning the embers to make sure all the embers are wet. Use a twig or a metal shovel to stir. Be sure to stir well and continue to stir until the fire is completely extinguished.

4. 

   Make sure the fire no longer evaporates, emits heat, or makes noise. Hold your hand near the fire to see if it's cooled. If you didn't feel the heat rising from the ground, the fire was probably gone. Also, check for signs of steam and hear sizzle, signs of burning embers.
   • If you do not see the above signs, you can safely leave the fire place.
   • If you notice any of the above, you must repeat the steps above. If you're not going to make a fire there anymore, splash water on the fire.
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Expert advice

Keep the following tips in mind when making a campfire:

• Gather enough firewood to keep the fire going. To maintain the fire for 24 hours, you need a pile of firewood the size of a Volkswagen Beetle. To be more sure, double that number.
• Use a variety of dry materials if you do not have enough firewood. If you run out of firewood, make use of other things like dry leaves, pine branches and dry bark to light the fire until you have enough dry branches.
• Calculate how to keep fire wisely. To make the fire burn evenly and safely, use small twigs while the fire is low, and add larger ones when the fire gets bigger.

Advice

• Have at least a bucket of water or sand nearby to put out the fire.
• Never let a fire burn unattended.